Lake trophic status and bioaccumulation of polychlorinated biphenyls in benthic organisms: a comparison between littoral and profundal invertebrates

نویسندگان

  • Niklas Holmqvist
  • Patrik Stenroth
  • Olof Berglund
  • Per Nyström
  • Wilhelm Graneli
  • Per Larsson
چکیده

We investigated the influence of lake trophic status on accumulation of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in littoral and profundal invertebrates from 19 lakes in southern Sweden. The PCB concentration in profundal chironomids (Chironomus sp.) was negatively correlated with lake trophy but the concentration in littoral crayfish (Pacifasticus leniusculus) was unrelated to shifting nutrient regimes. PCB concentrations in chironomids were negatively correlated, while crayfish did not correlate with lake total phosphorus. Two findings indicate that different processes determine bioaccumulation in littoral and profundal invertebrates: (i) a lack of correlation between PCB concentrations in crayfish and chironomids within lakes and (ii) some differences in congener distribution in the two species. We suggest a possible explanation in that chironomids are directly exposed to settling material from the pelagic zone, while crayfish are omnivorous and feed mainly in the littoral zone. A intensive investigation on one pond population could not reveal any individual factors, such as lipid content, size, or sex, influencing bioaccumulation of PCBs in crayfish. Résumé : Nous avons étudié l’influence du statut trophique du lac sur l’accumulation des biphényles polychlorés (BPC) par les invertébrés des zones littorale et profonde de 19 lacs du sud de la Suède. La concentration de BPC dans les chironomidés (Chironomus sp.) de la zone profonde est fonction négative du statut trophique du lac, alors que celle dans les écrevisses littorales (Pacifasticus leniusculus) n’a pas de relation avec les divers régimes d’éléments nutritifs. Les concentrations de BPC chez les chironomidés sont en corrélation négative avec le phosphore total du lac, alors que celles de l’écrevisse ne montrent aucune corrélation. Deux résultats indiquent que des processus différents déterminent la bioaccumulation chez les invertébrés des zones littorale et profonde: (i) l’absence de corrélation entre les concentrations de BPC chez l’écrevisse et le chironomidé dans un même lac et (ii) les différences dans la répartition des congénères des BPC chez les deux espèces. Nous suggérons comme explication que les chironomidés sont directement exposés aux particules qui précipitent depuis la zone pélagique, alors que les écrevisses omnivores se nourrissent surtout dans la zone littorale. Une recherche détaillée sur une population d’étang n’a pu révéler aucun facteur particulier, tel que le contenu lipidique, la taille ou le sexe, qui influence la bioaccumulation des BPC chez l’écrevisse. [Traduit par la Rédaction] Holmqvist et al. 1209

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تاریخ انتشار 2005